Abstract
With the continuous aggravation of urbanization and climate change, many cities around the world are affected by flood disasters. As a potential measure to tackle this problem, flood resilience has gradually gained more and more attention in urban studies. In this study, based on Pressure-State-Response model, an urban flood resilience evaluation system was constructed by analyzing the process of urban response to flood disturbance. Then it was used to measure the flood resilience of 29 representative cities in China from 2009 to 2018. The results showed that: (1) although Chinese cities became more and more resilient to flood, their overall resilience levels were low and most cities were faced with increasing flood pressure; (2) in different regions in China, the overall flood resilience was highly different and showed a "high in the north and low in the south, high in the west and low in the east" pattern, which was similar to that of the pressure index, while the interregional divergence of state index was relatively low and regions with developed economy and active innovation had a higher response index. In addition, by identifying the influential indexes, three measures are proposed to improve urban flood resilience: (1) facing up to "pressure": exploring urban planning and construction method to achieve symbiosis with flood; (2) enhancing the "state": improve the flood carrying capacity of gray and green stormwater infrastructure; (3) "responding” actively: improve the construction of flood disaster emergency management system and pay more attention to undeveloped cities with high flood pressure.
