Abstract
Guanying Community, located in Xicheng District of Beijing, has the core location and perfect surrounding supporting facilities. It is a commercial residential area in the north and a Hutong cottage area in the south. As a community established in the 1990s, the development of Guanying Community is representative among the communities in the old urban area of Beijing. The bad traffic and parking in Guanying Community are the reflection of Beijing's extensive urban development. Under the background of rapid economic growth since 2000, the private car ownership rate is rising rapidly, while the old residential area lacks the design of parking and transportation system at the beginning of construction due to the poor foresight. The result of questionnaire survey shows that the average number of motor vehicles owned by residents in this community is 1.064. Parking quantity and parking management are two of the lowest satisfaction of local residents. To solve the existing problems, this study adopts the Four-stage Theory of traffic planning, namely traffic generation, traffic distribution, traffic mode division and traffic allocation, to make proposals for traffic improvement of Guanying Community. The results show that due to the large population, large number of public service facilities and strong external connection, the commercial residential area in the North bears most of the traffic flow of the whole Guanying Community in all three modes of transportation: automobile, bicycle and walking. The east-west traffic flow is larger than the north-south traffic flow. The overall traffic flow decreases significantly from north to south. Therefore, the East-West Dahoucang Hutong and Liuxiang Road in the north of the community become the main traffic links of Guanying Community. Based on the investigation and traffic forecast results, this paper proposes the Guanying Community improvement plan in order to solve two main problems, one is to balance the parking supply and demand, the other is to optimize the road network and road section. The parking plan includes a large underground parking lot, located in the middle of Liuxiang Road, three large three-dimensional parking lots and six small three-dimensional parking belts. In addition, we establish a dynamic parking management system to increase the utilization efficiency of parking space. The previous fixed monthly or annual parking charge is changed to dynamic charging, and step pricing strategy was carried out. For the planning of various elements, it is necessary to analyze the whole system at the beginning, and then divide it into parts and solve the problems one by one. The comprehensive transportation transformation of Guanying Community is gradual improvement from some spots to a line and then to a plane, so as to reshape the whole community form and stimulate the neighborhood space. Once the project is successful, it will become a model for the transformation of old residential areas in Beijing.
